Le World wide web (www), qui a facilité l’accès à l’internet grâce à son interface graphique, n’en est qu’à ses débuts, a indiqué mercredi, le scientifique britannique Tim Berners-Lee, à l’occasion du 15e anniversaire du lancement de sa création.

“Le web a été un outil extraordinaire pour que les gens fassent de bonnes choses même si on peut y trouver de mauvaises choses”, a relevé Sir Berners-Lee dans un entretien à la BBC, soulignant qu’un jour le réseau virtuel mettra “toutes les données du monde” à portée de chaque utilisateur.

Mais “nous avons seulement commencé à explorer les possibilités” du web, a-t-il dit, estimant que sa création “n’en est qu’à ses balbutiements”.
Selon lui, le réseau mondial ou “toile” (web en anglais) pourrait s’orienter dans de nombreuses directions mais devrait avant tout être une force utilisée pour le bien.
“Ce qui est excitant, c’est que les gens bâtissent de nouveaux systèmes sociaux, de nouveaux systèmes de contrôle, de nouveaux systèmes de gouvernance”, a déclaré M. Berners-Lee.
“Mon espoir est que ces (systèmes) produiront… de nouvelles façons de travailler ensemble efficacement et équitablement qui pourront être utilisées dans le monde entier pour que l’on se gère en tant que planète”, a-t-il ajouté.
En août 1991, l’Organisation européenne pour la recherche nucléaire (CERN) a lancé le projet World wide web dans un laboratoire de physique de Genève. Le scientifique britannique a inventé le concept de lien hypertexte et l’architecture d’un réseau mondial en “toile d’araignée” (web) qui a facilité l’accès à l’internet, jusque-là réservé à une petite communauté scientifique.
Le 30 avril 1993, le CERN annonçait que le réseau serait utilisable par tous après avoir consenti à diffuser le code source gratuitement.
La toile, dont l’abréviation en anglais “www” est une composante des adresses des sites en ligne, est désormais un lieu omniprésent d’échange d’informations sur l’internet. Selon la BBC, le web compte environ 165 millions de sites.

L’entretien complet sur le site de la BBC
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Participatory Urban Design & the Future of Alternative Communities

Dharavi is known as Asia’s largest slum. This workshop is an experiment in participatory design. It takes place in one specific part of Dharavi called Koliwada which is a fisher folk community who settled there about 400 years ago. Once on the outskirts of the city Dharavi is now in the center of greater Mumbai. The whole area is going to be redeveloped and the Kolis are interested in getting ideas about how the new development could address their specific needs and history.

The Urban Typhoon workshop is a global experiment in participatory design. It is directly connected to the various communities of Dharavi and its grassroots community groups.

The objective is to produce creative alternatives for the future of a neighborhood threatened by a redevelopment plan of the government as well as a multimedia testimony to the unique spirit of Koliwada. The workshop itself is a joyous and participatory takeover of the neighbourhood. It combines the city’s historic spirit of activism with the celebratory, independent and culturally dynamic traditions that the Kolis of Mumbai have always demonstrated. The plan builds on these impulses in the best traditions of a festive exchange with visitors, guests, strangers and locals of all shades and hues.

The workshop is multicultural, multidisciplinary and multimedia. We invite students, urban planners, architects, designers, artists, sociologists, media artists, political activists, utopists, and other nomads to imagine the future of Koliwada.

See more
Register

Leading UK internet service providers are warning they may have to restrict customers’ access to the BBC’s new iPlayer service unless the corporation contributes to the cost of streaming videos over the internet.

Internet companies such as Tiscali, BT and Carphone Warehouse have raised concerns that the iPlayer, which allows viewers to watch TV shows over the internet, will put too much strain on their networks if it becomes popular among a mass audience.

Streaming TV shows takes up a lot of bandwidth and could clog up the network, severely slowing internet access speeds at peak times.

“The internet was not set up with a view to distributing video. We have been improving our capacity, but the bandwidth we have is not infinite,” said Mary Turner, chief executive of Tiscali UK. “If the iPlayer really takes off, consumers accessing the internet will get very slow service and will call their ISPs to complain.”

ITV and Channel 4 have also launched internet players and new media companies such as Joost are hoping to create businesses around on-demand television over the internet.

However, the free BBC service, which launched at the end of July, is seen as potentially the most popular and is therefore a focus for ISP concerns.

Ms Turner said that unless they could agree a strategy with the BBC to share network costs, Tiscali would have to restrict users’ access to the iPlayer.

This practice of “traffic shaping” is already used by Tiscali and several other internet companies to manage network traffic by giving lower priority to users who download large music, video or games files at peak times.

While it would not block access to the iPlayer, it could make it painfully slow at popular times.

The alternative would be for ISPs to create a “two-tier” system for customers, charging those people who want to download TV and other bandwidth-heavy content more for internet access.

“We are in regular discussions with the ISPs and together are monitoring the costs associated with video-on-demand,” the BBC said.

The Financial Times Limited 2007

Le budget global de la publicité en ligne dépassera celui de la presse écrite aux Etats-Unis d’ici quatre ans, selon l’étude d’un cabinet américain. Une estimation qui reflète le rythme de croissance des dépenses publicitaires sur l’Internet aux Etats-Unis, mais aussi en France où la tendance est largement similaire.

Selon le cabinet Veronis Suhler Stevenson (VSS), les dépenses de publicité en ligne progresseront au rythme de 21% par an pour atteindre 62 milliards de dollars en 2011, contre 60 milliards pour la presse écrite. La radio et la télévision resteront en tête des budgets publicitaires, avec une dépense globale estimée � 86 milliards de dollars dans quatre ans.

“Cette tendance correspond � ce qui est enregistré depuis plusieurs années, mais nous atteignons le point où les courbes vont se croiser”, a commenté James Rutherfurd, le directeur de VSS. L’étude montre également que pour la première fois en 2007, le temps de lecture de la presse aux Etats-Unis sera inférieur au temps passé en ligne.

En France, les dépenses publicitaires en ligne se sont élevées en 2006 � 1,69 milliard d’euros, soit 48% d’augmentation sur l’année précédente, alors que les dépenses globales pour la presse n’ont augmenté que de 0,60%, atteignant 4,1 milliards d’euros.

Par Pierre Haski (Rue89)

The apprentice to the Murdoch family business scored one of his biggest coups to date on Tuesday when BSkyB announced an agreed takeover of Amstrad, the company founded and owned by Sir Alan Sugar.

If approved by Amstrad’s other shareholders, the £125m deal will see James Murdoch, son and presumed heir of his father Rupert’s News Corp realm, subsume the pioneering electronic goods supplier into his £12bn media company.

Sir Alan, who through his holding company stands to gain around £35m, said he was looking forward to “continuing to play a part” in the business.

However, he appeared to sound a valedictory note in a BBC interview shortly after the deal was announced. “I turn 60 this year and I have had 40 years of hustling in this business. Now I have to start thinking about my team of loyal staff, many of whom have been with me for many years.”

Amstrad shareholders will receive 150p a share under the offer, which is being formally made by Sky Digital Supplies, a wholly-owned subsidiary of BSkyB.

(more…)

Many net firms were criticised in the report for privacy failings

Google has the worst privacy policy of popular net firms, says a report. Rights group Privacy International rated the search giant as “hostile” to privacy in a report ranking web firms by how they handle personal data.

The group said Google was leading a “race to the bottom” among net firms many of whom had policies that did little to substantially protect users.

In response Google said the report was mistaken and that it worked hard to keep user data confidential.

Hostile approach

The report by the veteran cyber rights group is the result of six months’ research which scrutinised 20 popular net firms to find out how they handle the personal information users gave up when they started using such services.

None of the firms featured in the report got a “privacy friendly” rating.

Yahoo and AOL were said to have “substantial threats” to privacy as were Facebook and Hi5 for the allegedly poor way they dealt with user data.

Microsoft, one place higher in the rankings than these four firms, was described as having “serious lapses” in its privacy policy.

Other net sites, such as BBC.com, eBay and Last.fm were described in the report as “generally privacy aware but in need of improvement”.

But Privacy International singled put Google at the bottom of its rankings for what the group called its “numerous deficiencies and hostilities” to privacy.

“We are aware that the decision to place Google at the bottom of the ranking is likely to be controversial,” the group said in the report.

Privacy International placed Google at the bottom of its ranking because of the sheer amount of data it gathers about users and their activities; because its privacy policies are incomplete and for its poor record of responding to complaints.

“While a number of companies share some of these negative elements, none comes close to achieving status as an endemic threat to privacy,” read the report.

Responding to the report Nicole Wong, general counsel for Google, said in a statement: “We are disappointed with Privacy International’s report which is based on numerous inaccuracies and misunderstandings about our services.”

Ms Wong added: “We recognise that user trust is central to our business and Google aggressively protects our users’ privacy.”

Privacy International said it planned to release a more detailed report in September produced after detailed consultation with the firms covered in the first draft.

The award of top prize at the world’s most important advertising festival to an internet campaign for Unilever, the household goods group, may come to be seen as a milestone for the web’s development into a marketing medium.

The “Evolution” film for Dove, Unilever’s skincare brand, is among the most prominent commercials to benefit from a large element of free distribution on the web after being posted on websites such as YouTube and blogs.

Most internet advertising has hitherto been classified-style listings on search websites, but the “Evolution” clip used film techniques to show a young woman being transformed into a glamorous model.

Its capture of the film Grand Prix at the 54th Cannes Lions International Advertising Festival will re-enforce the mood of qualified optimism expressed by many senior industry figures at the event. They believe mainstream marketers are embracing the branding opportunities offered by digital media as well as recognising the threats such technology poses to traditional working practices in the $400bn-a-year global paid-for advertising sector.

(more…)

It was the year people had been waiting for in network news.

Finally things were going to change in a medium where so much seemed so constant — the format, the style, and for the previous two decades the faces of the anchors. Even the erosion of the audience was steady, roughly a million fewer viewers of nightly news a year.

This year, 2006, was expected to be different. One network hoped to create a new format of two young anchors, one in the field and one on the set — a dashing young man and a beautiful young mother — an arrangement conceived in part for demographics and in part for moving the news online.

Another network said it planned to rethink the evening newscast, to bring arguably the biggest name in the business from the morning and to shake up the content and the audience of evening news.

The medium’s long-time leader, meanwhile, seemed possibly vulnerable, losing its biggest star in the morning, and banking on continuity, not change, in the evening.

Two things seemed most likely to occur. With all the new attention, promotion and innovation, the audience for network news might suddenly begin to grow again. Or there might suddenly be more loss. When the past generation of respected anchors left their chairs, would the largely older audience decide they didn’t like the new faces and new styles and drop away? Change could revive the networks. It could also hasten their decline. (more…)

La direction du journal économique français les Echos l’a confirmé : le processus de vente du journal est engagé, tout en refusant de donner le nom de l’acquéreur potentiel.
Le groupe britannique Pearson, propriétaire du journal Les Echos pourrait bien avoir besoin d’argent frais car il se dit que le groupe pourrait s’allier avec l’américain General Electric pour faire une offre d’achat sur le groupe Dow Jones, l’éditeur du Wall Street Journal.
La direction des Echos n’a donc pas confirmé la rumeur qui fait de Bernard Arnault : patron du groupe de luxe LVMH; le mystérieux candidat au rachat du journal.
On rappellera simplement que Bernard Arnault est également propriétaire du quotidien économique La Tribune, principal concurrent des Echos en France.
Quand aux salariés des Echos, ils se sont mis en grève mardi et le journal ne paraîtra mercredi.

Source: http://www.euronews.net

By the Project for Excellence in Journalism and Rick Edmonds of The Poynter Institute.
Is the newspaper industry dying? Not now. On an average day, roughly 51 million people still buy a newspaper, and 124 million in all still read one.

The recording pre-tax profit margins in the high teens, and online editions are adding readers and advertising revenues at a healthy pace. When online and print readers are combined, the audience for what newspapers produce is higher than ever.

But the print newspaper is unquestionably ailing. Circulation is declining. Advertising is flat. As Warren Buffett said at his annual investor’s meeting in May 2006 newspapers appear to have entered a period of “protracted decline.”
The search is on for new business models, but success is not guaranteed. And while the fundamentals might reverse, there is no compelling case that they will.

Newspapers are focusing more on improving their journalism online. But it is not clear if the Web will ever make enough money to support journalism as we know it in print. The worry is that newspapers may be stuck with a traditional manufacturing cost structure that cannot be reduced or shifted fast enough.

(more…)